Thursday, August 27, 2020

Vocabulary :: Communication, Language

Jargon is imperative to regular perusing since it is the entirety of the words in a language. As per Bursuck and Damer (2010) understudies â€Å"learn to interpret more diligently text, they are bound to experience words that are not part of their oral language† (p. 231). Being comfortable with words and the significance of the word helps student’s familiarity just as appreciation. As indicated by the National Institute of Literacy (2007) jargon is â€Å"words utilized in discourse and print to communicate† (p. 14). Jargon can be separated into two classes â€Å"oral or expressed words and composed words† (National Institute of Literacy, 2007, p. 14). The National Institute of Literacy (2007), concur with Bursuck and Damer (2010), expressing that â€Å"vocabulary information is essential to perusing in light of the fact that the oral and composed words advance appreciation and communication† (p. 14). Since jargon is critical Pullen, Tuckwiller, Kono ld, Maynard, and Coyne, 2010 utilized a â€Å"three level model for understudies in danger for a perusing disability† (p. 110). Pullen et al. (2010) states that jargon improvement happens through accidental learning and home condition before formal schooling† (p. 111) The mediation made by Pullen et al. (2010) was intended to increment students’ jargon of in danger understudies. The mediation (2010) members â€Å"were 224 first grade understudies in quite a while in an assorted populace and moderate level of understudies in financial status† (p. 114). The mediation (2010) itself made by ___________________ was a three-level framework: Tier 1 comprised of study hall guidance and â€Å"students who don't react to level 1 will get level 2 guidance and level 3 is the most escalated level and if understudy don't react to this level they are alluded to a custom curriculum evaluation† (p. 114). To recognize understudies who might be in danger of incapacity, the intercession (2010) utilized the PPVT-4 as a government sanctioned test. Pullen et al. (2010) utilized the test to asses the standard level â€Å"of open jargon and recognize members as either in danger of not for perusing failure† (p. 115). The creators of the intercession (2010) chose the PPVT-4 on the grounds that â€Å"it exhibited unwavering quality, demonstrating that is a sound measure for estimating responsive vocabulary† (p. 115). For a post-test, the creators (2010) utilized an analyst created measure to asses students’ securing of target words utilized in the mediation (p. 115). Pullen et al. (2010) had a three-level framework where level 1 and level 2 were planned â€Å"around two story books proper for first grade students† (p.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Coordinate Activities And To Use The Available Resources

A conventional national EE plan or approach however has each piece yet non been set up because of miss of political will ( Mayo et al. , 2008 ) , despite the fact that the National Environment Education Strategy Action Group was set up in mid 1996 ( Department of Health Policy and Planning, 1997 ) . Research shows that EE has imbued its foundations in the essential instructive field ( Pace, 1997 ) , where it is sensibly simple to join cross-curricular EE in the schoolroom since the greater part of the clasp there is only one teacher answerable for the guidance of the considerable number of subjects. In the optional instructive field, it is less simple, since various points are thought by various teachers and in this manner obtaining is increasingly separated. Pace ( 1997 ) contended that there are three obstacles which limit the concentrate of EE in optional school course of study: hardened skilled compartmentalization insufficiency of groundwork for learning powers firm timetables and course developments Ecological surveies was presented as a point in the optional course of study, however it is non actualized in state funded schools where they despite everything have separate exercises and teachers for geographics, history and cultural surveies. Still ecological issues are regularly handled in logical points, for example, consolidate logical order, organic science, substance science, common ways of thinking and geographics. The EkoSkola program however, in both essential and auxiliary schools, has effectively determined multidisciplinary EE in schools. The program underpins an entire school assault and weaves EE governs inside a school ‘s bearing approach and the unremarkable running of the school. In post-auxiliary schools obtaining is significantly progressively detached with various educators learning non only various points, yet adjacent to various subjects inside a similar theme. Like in optional schools natural issues are regularly tended to in science-related themes. In 1994, a middle of the road degree confirmation in Environmental Science was propelled. Be that as it may, the class does non flexibly an all encompassing outline of ecological issues in light of the fact that the prospectus board respected the presentation of socio-social features as a push to recite down the course of study ( Pace, 1997 ) . Understudies taking to write into college, need to follow a Systems of Knowledge class which comprises of four resources. Module 4 is called ‘Sustainable Development and Environment ‘ and separated from taking to facilitate perception on nearby and universal feasible advancement issues, it other than means to promote expert natural mentalities and qualitie s, for example, The estimation of manageable advancement as an only technique for covering with natural issues Concern and obligation for nature Committedness to effectively partake in undertakings planned for securing the earth ( Matsec, Syllabus 2011 ) The activity with this class however is that it includes a finishing up examination and in any event a base on balls is an interest for college enlistment. Blending to Pace ( 1997 ) , the class ‘s designs are non entirely satisfied as the researchers ‘ boss concern is to acquire a confirmation in the theme rather than broadening their cognition.2.2.2 Problems with Education for Sustainable DevelopmentHave instructors reacted to the interest, qualities and strategies for ESD? Orchestrating to Bybee ( 1991 ) , educators have reacted neither apâ ­propriately nor adequately, however they have responded mainly by focusing on cutting edge employments independently, for example, the vitality emergency, acerb downpour or populace developing, and the outcome has been clumsy, detached educaâ ­tional stuffs. Authentic ( 2001 ) recommends that a ground why instructive frameworks over the Earth have scarcely reacted to the test of reorientation might be that there has been lacking c larification of the adjustments in guidance that would be essential for the parts of the bargains be satisfied. What has been losing is clarity about the vision of the guidance that is required, what's more a plan of how to come on towards such a dream, bearing in head the intensity of the predominant cultural and instructive ideal models. Blending to Pace ( 2005 ) , however, the significant activity is the tendency of instructive foundations to take the least demanding way out †the relabeling of conventional examples, for example, Nature Study, as EE, rather than the rebuilding of instructive developments. This may originate from the disappointment of approach creators to comprehend what is expected to achieve appropriate EE ( Pace, 1992 ) . Leal Filho ( 1996 ) proposes that this insufficiency of fear, disarray and moderate acknowledgment of appropriate EE has been irritated by scholarly contentions about classification. Now, it is of import to isolate between guidance about the earth and guidance for the earth. The main alludes to geting comprehension and awareness about issues and roll uping informations on these issues ; the second alludes to using guidance to build an increasingly practical from now on. Instruction for the earth is more than insight building. It incorporates new perspectives, positions and qualities that usher and tip individuals towards progressively maintainable ways of life. Hindrances to EE are non simply present on a national and institutional degree however alongside on a schoolroom degree. A few hindrances are outer and calculated in nature such every piece, for example, insufficiency of clasp ( Ko and Lee, 2003, as refered to by Kim and Fortner, 2006 ) . In any case, there are other than obstructions that demonstration more on an individual degree, for example, teachers ‘ demeanor, content discernment, and educational cognizance ( Kim and Fortner, 2006 ) . Blending to Makki et al. , ( 2003 ) , it is other than non bounty to create and actualize a course of study wherein EE is obviously spoken to. They keep on thinking that despite the fact that an improved course of study may flexibly educators and understudies with tonss of data, on the off chance that it does non proxy imagination, association, and student commitment, the result will be lack of important obtaining and thought process. A basic, however all around dismissed aspect of EE is ecological political guidance, which instructs how adjustments can be accomplished through political activism coordinated at Governments, universal organizations, and even companies ( United Nations, 2004 ) . As it were, EE ought to be planned for bring forthing earth dependable residents, non only green consumers.2.3 Young personEnvironmental issues influence youthful individuals in a disproportional way since they are the 1s who need to populate for a more extended time of clasp in a falling apart condition passed on to them by old coevalss. Youngsters are the 1s that will unequivocally require to gracefully radical answers for the ecological occupations brought about by contemporary activities ( Bradley et al. , 1999 ) . Youngsters ought to consequently be constrained to arraign in new signifiers of activity and activism that will deliver strong outcomes in the field of natural assurance ( United Nations, 2004 ) . The great bey ond of the universe is, all things considered, their in the future. The universe ‘s 1.2 billion juvenile individuals matured 15-24 establish 18 percent of the planetary populace ( United Nations, 2007 ) . Youngsters play numerous capacities in the public arena. They are non simply researchers however alongside shoppers of numerous things including vitality. They are clearly other than worried by cultural, social, financial and ecological issues. Youngsters in this manner have a cardinal capacity to play in deciding the great beyond, remembering for discovering types of vitality ingestion, and different components taking to atmosphere change. The advancement of master ecological mentalities and conduct in youngster is subsequently observed as extremely of import for an economical from this point forward ( Eagles and Demare, 1999 ) . The United Nations ( UNCED, 1992 ) distinguished youthful people as cardinal partners that have an alone part to do towards economical turn of events, and committed Chapter 25 in Agenda 21 to the significance of children and juvenile individuals in the commitment in assurance conceiving to make their ain from now on. Motivation 21 advances the capacity of juvenile individuals in dynamic by withstanding the mainstream talk that since youthful individuals are unpracticed and unfit, they ought to non be considered ( De Lucca, 2004 ) . Youngsters reserve a privilege to be tuned in to and engaged with the issues and conclusions that influence their lives, non just today yet adjacent to in the great beyond. Plus, the experience of youthful individuals populating in the advanced universe, passing on alone places that should be taken into history, and their innovativeness, receptiveness, and vitality empower them to search out the change that they need to see and power for it. Subsequently t he commitment of youthful individuals in assurance concocting techniques will quite follow up on the since quite a while ago run accomplishment of practical turn of events. The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, every now and again abbreviated to Rio Declaration, is a short papers that was created at a similar meeting ( Earth Summit ) . The Rio Declaration comprises of 27 standards expected to control future feasible advancement around the universe. Guideline 21 concerns youth, and proposes that the innovativeness, beliefs and courage of juvenile individuals ought to be activated to make a planetary association that will vouch a superior in the future for everybody through feasible improvement ( United Nations, 1992 ) . These two paperss ( Agenda 21 and the Rio Declaration ) feature the significance of youngster to the future supportability of our condition both in Malta and all through the universe. The National Youth Policy ( Parliamentary Secretariat for Youth and Sport, 2010 ) avows that the State perceives ‘that youngster commitment in safeguarding and ensuring nature is an of import part towards the achievement of supportability ‘ ( 3

Friday, August 21, 2020

Writing a Sample of Speech Essay

Writing a Sample of Speech EssayWhenever you are writing a sample of speech, it is important to be clear about what you want to say. In order to ensure that your speech is properly prepared, and not miss any words or sentences, you should practice your speech prior to presenting it at an event.When writing a sample of speech essay, you should first decide on the topic. From there, you can gather several ideas for your topics, including lists of possible topics, or brainstorming ideas from research. Whatever you decide, keep in mind that you should stick to your topic choices.As you write, practice creating a style of speech that will catch the audience's attention. Although you may not feel that writing a speech is easy, you should still be sure to be concise and to show why you are the best person to speak on your topic. You do not have to start with a ton of notes, but should start by organizing your thoughts and ideas into easy-to-understand sentences. To make sure that you don't forget anything, take time to jot down anything that occurs to you as you write.During the first draft, you may wish to change your topic to a specific setting, such as a sports team or community organization. Or, if you are the organizer of the event, you can create a thesis statement to begin your speech. If your topic is related to a subject that is unique to your organization, then you may wish to create a statement that uses the unique angle.If you are giving a sample speech at the school assembly, you should be sure to read through a few sample speeches from other speakers, especially if they were chosen due to their speech writing experience. Also, take a moment to check with some fellow teachers or students who may know of someone who may be willing to help you. With a little effort, you should be able to give a speech that will be acceptable to your audience.If you are unsure about the appropriateness of the topic or your wording, you may wish to consult a professional. A p rofessional speech writer may be a wonderful option to ensure that your speech is fully prepared and meets your audience's expectations. Additionally, many professional writers have the knowledge and experience to ensure that your speech will be well-received at an event.When the event is over, be sure to turn in the sample speech essay to be typed out. Any mistakes that you made during the presentation should be corrected prior to presenting it at another event. There are many websites that can help you turn in samples of speech essays.Writing a sample of speech essay will give you more confidence when writing a more advanced speech. When you feel comfortable and confident in your ability to speak on your topic, you will also feel more confident in delivering a speech that will set the audience at ease. You may even find that you are able to build more rapport with the audience during your own presentation.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Theological Justifications Of Violence In Relation To Jesus.

Theological Justifications of Violence in relation to Jesus Introduction The history of religion has been pervaded by offensive and aggressive wars even before the birth of Jesus Christ as the messiah of Christian eschatology. Yet, Jesus brought another dimension to the faith that was more pacifist as evident in his preaching and examples. Looking at the Gospels and the interpretation of Jesus’ teachings in the letters of Saint Paul to the different churches, there exist numerous references of justified violence in relation to Jesus and the expansion of the church on earth. This evidence represents a paradox, since it presents a messiah who is predominantly pacifist but condones or incites violence in some cases. The problem is therefore†¦show more content†¦Some theological justifications of violence in relation to Jesus The contradictions that put into question this message of peace and nonviolence are numerical both in the words and deeds of Jesus. In Matthew chapter ten, he expounds â€Å"do not think that I have come to bring peace, but a sword. I came to set sons against their fathers, daughters against their mothers, daughters-in-law against their mothers-in-laws; a man’s worst enemies will be the members of his own family† . Metaphorical or literal, this is advocacy for violence. By insisting that he is not a harbinger of peace but one of hostility, as represented by the sword, it goes without saying that performing acts of violence as a means to getting the desired effect is appealing. The fact that these violent occurrence will start from within the nuclear family is equally abhorrent. This assertion nevertheless supports the view that Christian religion is based on the premise of bloodshed and violence which Jesus Christ himself condones. The upheaval of families perceived in this message is directly oppositional to the message of love that Jesus himself articulates. In consideration of the message that preaches the love of the enemy and non retaliation in cases of aggression to outrightly insisting that he is bringing a message of discord, one is bound to question the agenda of goodwill. This juxtaposition of peace and violence is furtherShow MoreRelatedHistory Of South American Poverty And The Development Of Liberation Theology1451 Words   |  6 Pagesmovements accelerated into demonstrations and militant type activism. The dictatorships responded with a strong military response in reaction to the militants exerting extreme control over all demonstrations, which escalated into widespread acts of violence from both sides. The cries for change among the growing largely impoverished sections of society in South America, a revolutionary atmosphere developed. Armed uprisings appeared in many of the countries in hopes to overthrow the ruling dictatorsRead MoreChristian Ethics in a Postmodern World Essay example6531 Words   |  27 PagesChristianity by secularism (Bruce 1996; Turner 1994). Yet Christianity survives the assault well and even shows signs of revitalization in many parts of the world. How will Christianity face the challenge of postmodernity? There are many different theological responses. Some accept its central premises and write a/theologies (neither theologies nor nontheologies but something from the interstice of the two) (Taylor 1984); Some adopt the total paradoxical presence of the opposite (thus rejecting theRead More ROMANS 9:6-13 Essay4798 Words   |  20 Pages THEOLOGICAL CENTRE FOR ASIA ROMANS 9:6-13 AN EXEGETICAL PAPER SUBMITTED TO DR CHUL WOO LEE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF BNT524 CONTEMPORARY HERMENEUTICS CONTENTS INTRODUCTIONnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;1 OVERVIEW OF ROMANS 9-11nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;1 TRANSLATION OF ROMANS 9:6-13nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;3 INNER TEXTUREnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;4 Repetitive Texture and Patternnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;4 Read MoreBible Versus the Toran12356 Words   |  50 PagesLIFE OF TWO AFRO-AMERICANS (1) MALCOM X - ISLAMIC MUSLIM/QURAN PAGE 35-43 8 (2) MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. - CHRISTIAN/BIBLE PAGE 44-48 9 (3) BOTH MENS POLITICAL VIEWS ON VIOLENCE AND PAGE 49-56 CHANGE IN SOCIETY (4) THE STRONG CONNECTION BETWEEN BOTH MEN PAGE 57 (1) I am writing this paper based on the comparsion of two religions; the Islamic faith and Christianity, also comparingRead MoreAn Analysis of Terrorism Essay9824 Words   |  40 Pagespolitical act against a government and it’s citizenry, secondly, it is viewed as a coercive means to change some policy through the application of violence upon society . Finally terrorism adheres to the unlawfullness of acts as a mode of political change. For the purpose of this study terrorism is defined as a strategy whereby violence is used to produce certain effects in a group of people so an to attain some political end or ends. Terrorism can be traced back in Iran since theRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pageshave been my role models, mentors, and inspiration: Dulcie Roach from Hopewell Primary School, St. Elizabeth, Jamaica; Elaine Bortner and Philip Hirai from Jamaica Wesleyan Bible College, Savanna-la-mar, Jamaica; and Roger Ringerberg, Jamaica Theological Seminary, Kingston, Jamaica. Second, thanks to my professors and advisors at Drew University, Karen Brown, Jonathan Reader, and Roger Shinn, whose advice and insights have helped to shape the focus and hone the arguments of this book. Third, theRead MoreSources of Ethics20199 Words   |  81 Pagesshall not cover your neighbour’s house. You shall not covet your neighbours wife, nor his male or female slave, nor his ox or ass, nor anything else that belongs to him. Tradition in both cases- and reinforced for Christians y the teaching of Jesus – has come to view these commandments from God as ethical principles which forbid doing anything to destroy or harm another â€Å" person’s life or marriage or reputation of property† Via a rule exemplified by the Golden Rule (or its variations in

Friday, May 15, 2020

A Proposal On A Compromise - 1845 Words

Proposal for Report on A Compromise to Capital Punishment COMS 363 Section 02 Submitted by Peter Okafor For Prof. Lisa Bryce Submitted on July 28, 2014 A COMPROMISE TO CAPITAL PUNISHMENT Introduction This report will be addressing the quarrels and endless debate surrounding the idea of capital punishment. It will be a recommendation report, analyzing the major issues and suggesting alternative methods to resolve them. I am aware of the sensitivity of the topic, and I would like to state that I am neither advocating for nor opposing capital punishment. The report topic has received approval from Professor Bryce. Through this report, I aim to approach the division caused by the topic. There are many misconceptions following the topic and it is often not properly understood. First of all, I will be clarifying some of the mystery clouding the issue of capital punishment and comparing it to its counterpart, life in prison. My report aims to approach and clarify some arguments like the following: †¢ the cost of a death sentence versus that of imprisonment without parole, †¢ the determent of crimes supposedly imposed by the death penalty, and †¢ the need for retribution to those affected by criminal acts Secondly, I will be proposing alternatives that might satisfy both parties to some reasonable extent. This will be done under the recommendations section after the conclusions section. I will make this topic relevant by shedding a different light on an old debate andShow MoreRelatedThe Compromise of 1850 Essay850 Words   |  4 PagesThe compromise of 1850 was a settlement on a series of issues plaguing the unity of the states. The primary issue to address was the institution of slavery, which was causing much dissension between the north and the south. Additional items to be addressed were territory issues and to prevent secession by the south. Henry Clay stepped forward to present a compromise, which had Congress in an eight-month discussion known as the â€Å"Great Debate†. As a result of the proposal, there were strong oppositionsRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Abraham Lincoln946 Words   |  4 Pagesof secession; however, there were a small group of men who did not want Mississippi to secede. Three of these men each proposed one *amendment* to the ordinance in order to delay or halt the secession of Mississippi from the union. In the first proposal, proposed by Jacob Yerger, all the slave states would gather at a convention to â€Å"determine what amendments of the Constitution of the United States are necessary and proper to secure the rights of the slaveholding States in the Union, and to finallyRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The New Constitution874 Words   |  4 Pagesconsidered plan and proposals for creating a stronger, more centralized system of government. 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Like many modernRead More What was the 1850 Compromise and Why did it Fail? Essay1541 Words   |  7 PagesWhat was the 1850 Compromise and Why did it Fail? In 1850, Henry Clay one of the most influential political leaders in American history introduced a set of resolutions, which aimed to please both North and South America. The five proposals were rolled into a single omnibus bill, which offered a solution to the growing sectional conflict over slavery and westward expansion, which arose from the 1846 Mexican War. The 1850 Compromise, which Senator Douglas stripped down and effectively helpedRead MoreWhat Was the 1850 Compromise and Why Did It Fail?1527 Words   |  7 PagesWhat was the 1850 Compromise and Why did it Fail? In 1850, Henry Clay one of the most influential political leaders in American history introduced a set of resolutions, which aimed to please both North and South America. The five proposals were rolled into a single ‘omnibus’ bill, which offered a solution to the growing sectional conflict over slavery and westward expansion, which arose from the 1846 Mexican War. The 1850 Compromise, which Senator Douglas stripped down and effectively helpedRead MoreStudent Collective Bargaining Agreement Simulation Essay1223 Words   |  5 Pagesexperience, I see how important it is to negotiate items in good faith. It is important for management to hear the initial proposal of the Union, because it is important for them to fully understand the unions needs and wants, so that they are prepared to come back with a counter argument. From my experience good faith bargaining seemed to be a good way to come to a compromise and it made me understand why in an actual negotiation this can b e a very long process. Bargaining in good faith really doesRead MoreHow Successful Was Lincoln in His Handling of Events from November 1860 to April 1861?1504 Words   |  7 Pages Many would argue that Lincoln was very biased and orientated around the Republican Party and its policies. But in fact I believe that this is very untrue indeed. Lincoln made it clear that he was ready to compromise with the South on a number of issues such as the fugitive slave law, slavery in Washington and concessions to New Mexico. This is why I believe Lincoln acted in a very mature way. Although his outlook on slavery expansion was ‘inflexible’, he didRead MoreHarmony at the Workplace: Wage Negotiations between Labor Unions and the Management1352 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract This paper looks at a proposal from a labor union attempting adjust overtime pay for employees of a sample company. It outlines the benefits of cooperative negotiations between labor and management, provides an analysis of how the proposal will affect the company and suggests an ideal approach to take with negotiations. Finally, the paper provides alternatives to the proposal presented by the union and describes how this company can achieve ideal results for all parties involved. HarmonyRead MoreThe Recalcitrant Director Case873 Words   |  4 Pagesmembers, how would you have initially voted for the proposal? What would your vote be after the recess in the meeting? Why? | 2 | 2- Should the Byte executives tell the town administrators and potential employees that this is a temporary plant, to run for three years? | 2 | 3- What impact does a plant closing have on a small town like Plainville? What impact does the closing have on the employees? | 3 | 4- Can you suggest any compromise for the present impasse? | 3 | 5- If you were

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Relationship Between Identity And Security - 1400 Words

Relationship of Identity and Security Identity and security underpins the majority of conflicts that have occurred. In conflicts, states are invested in promoting their constructed identity, and challenging the opposing identity. In the following section, this essay will be using the elements of interests, alliances, and fear of the other to demonstrate the underpinning of the relationship in the three events of the Vietnam War, dà ©tente and the 2003 Iraq invasion. Interests are important in the relationship as it allows us to observe why a state is involved in a conflict. With the U.S., the majority of the time it is interested in promoting its identity to oppose another’s identity. Interests also allow for the understanding of an†¦show more content†¦The Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1962-1975) was a part of the time where the fears of the Cold War was ripe. The U.S.’s foreign policy was focused on the containment of Soviet expansion around the world. The U.S. saw this expansion as the main threat to the west and to global security. To understand the U.S. fears during this war, one must understand the previous conflict that occurred in Korea. The Korean War (1950 – 1953) was somewhat similar to that of the Vietnam War. The Korean War saw the attempted invasion of South Korea by the communist North Korea. This invasion saw the involvement of the U.S. who aided South Korea, and the People’s Republic of China – a newly formed communist state. The Korean War influenced the U.S. as its state officials saw the North Korean and Chinese alliance as a larger cooperative communist threat. This threat played into the U.S.’s fear in Vietnam with the thought that communist states (the Soviets and China) were aiding North Vietnam to force the expansion of communism. This fear of communism shaped the U.S.’s identity and security relationship. The U.S. identified with liberal and capitalism and so found communism a threat due to its different beliefs. The ‘domino effect’ was an imagined Soviet foreign policy that U.S. policy makers feared. It was the belief that Soviets were

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Hairball Essay Example For Students

Hairball Essay A solitary woman sits in conversation with a benign tumour that had just recently been removed from her ovary. As the woman speaks, the inanimate tumour, which she has named Hairball, looks on from its glass encased perch atop the fireplace. The scene is macabre and certainly unusual, but such is the life of Kat, the main character in Margaret Atwood’s short story, Hairball. Kat’s life is filled with the unusual and the shocking, a lifestyle that has been self-imposed. Throughout the years, Kat, an avant garde fashion photographer, has altered her image, even her name, to suit the circumstances and the era. Over time Kat has fashioned a seemingly strong and impenetrable exterior, but as Kat’s life begins to disintegrate we discover that the strong exterior is just a facade devised to protect a weak and fragile interior. Kat’s facade begins to unravel and she undergoes significant personal losses; in fact, the losses go so far as to include her identity or lack there of. As Kat begins to lose control, her mental and physical disintegration is hastened by three major conflicts: The conflict with the society in which she lives, the conflict with her romantic interests (specifically Ger), and finally the physical conflict she faces with her own body. In the end, these conflicts will threaten to strip Kat of her lifestyle as well as her name. From the beginning of Kat’s life, she was at odds with her environment. When she was a child, she was Katherine, a doll like representation of what her mother wanted her to be. As a teenager she was Kathy, a representation of what she believed others wanted, â€Å"a bouncy, round-faced girl with gleaming freshly washed hair and enviable teeth, eager to please and no more interesting than a health-food ad.† By the time she reached University she was the not-so-eager to please Kath, â€Å"blunt and no-bull*censored* in her Take-Back-the-Night jeans and checked shirt and her bricklayer style striped-denim peaked hat† (pp.16). Finally, when she found her way to England, she became Kat, â€Å"the name Kat was economical, street-feline, and pointed as a nail.† The short, hard name was a reflection of her hard demeanor. Kat constantly tried to separate herself from the commonality of her environment. When she was told that her tumor was fairly common her reply wa s that, â€Å"She would have preferred uniqueness.† Kat wanted to stand out; she did not want to be another â€Å"Clarissa, Meliassa or Penelope,† but she understood that conformity, to the values of her society, would be a requirement if she wanted to succeed in her personal and professional life. With this in mind, Kat chose to integrate those values into her own personal approach. She’d shaved off most of her hair, worked on the drop-dead stare, perfected a certain turn of the neck that conveyed an aloof inner authority. What you had to you had to make them believe was that you knew something they didn’t know yet. (p.17)As the conflict between Kat and her society, she finds herself losing the fight. Despite accolades she received while working on the razor’s edge, Kat’s life is less than successful. Her relationships with competitive men and left her broken and hurt. â€Å"Twice she had abortions, because the men in question were not up for the alternative† (pp.17). Kat’s choice to â€Å"Rambo† through her life left her scarred emotionally and physically. Having spent herself in London, Kat was ready for a change. When a man named Gerald came calling from Toronto, Kat saw the opportunity for change and grabbed it. When Gerald showed up in London offering Kat an attractive job and salary, she found it hard to resist. When Kat arrived back in Toronto and began working with Gerald, she found him hard to resist. The fact that Kat and Gerald were polar opposites appealed to Kat. She saw Gerald as a fresh canvass on which she could fashion her own masterpiece. Kat began by seducing Gerald in his office. She continued by rearranging Gerald’s tastes for clothes and hair style; she even went so far as to change his name to Ger. In the end she had succeeded in turning Ger into the man she wanted him to be, or so she thought. .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac , .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac .postImageUrl , .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac , .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac:hover , .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac:visited , .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac:active { border:0!important; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac:active , .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u71807963deb68cc21a78dbb6a2eea1ac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: AfroAmer EssayHe’s a money man who lusted after art, and now he’s got some, now he is some. Body art. Her art. She’s done her job well; he’s finally sexy. (p.21)As time went on it became apparent that Ger was losing interest. The more Ger became like Kat, the less interest he took in her. It seems that Kat had forgotten what she had known in London. Kat had known better than to â€Å"betray her desire,† but it was obvious that she had betrayed it to Ger. Ger follow suit by betraying Kat as well. After Kat’s surgery for the tumor, Ger comes to visit. When he arrives Kat can’t help but notice his aloofness. Ger makes small tal k but leaves rather quickly. Kat immediately notices a change in their relationship. She thinks it is Ger who has lost his attractiveness, that their relationship has become old and antiquated. Kat surmises,He’s no longer fully rewarding. They’ve learned each other too well, they take short-cuts now; their time together has shrunk from whole stolen rolling and sensuous afternoons to a few hours snatched between work and dinner-time. (pp.20)It is at this time that Kat also realizes that something is not right at work. The phone calls for her input have been few and far between since she checked into the hospital. Kat begins to wonder if her job is in jeopardy. In a fit of panic Kat rushes to work to inspect her hunch. When she arrives at work her worst fears are realized. Ger breaks the news to Kat that she has been fired. Although this news is devastating, it pales in comparison to the news that her replacement is none other than Ger him self. Kat realizes that her cre ation, Ger, has become Frankenstein’s Monster. She muses, â€Å"Naturally. Betrayal. The monster has turned on its own mad scientist† (pp. 21). Back in her apartment Kat realizes that all along it has been Ger and life with that she has been longing after. She understands that the Ger she had created killed the Gerald that she was initially attracted to. Only as Kat’s conflict with Ger comes to the apex does she realize the conflict within herself. As Kat stares at hairball she understands that her life’s struggles have been in vain. Kat comes face to face with the realization that, while Ramboing her way through life, she has missed her opportunity for happiness. Kat has squandered away her life with empty relationships and fruitless jobs. Kat wants the house with the white picket fence, the 2.5 children and the dog but understands none of those are in the foreseeable future. What Kat does see is Hairball, the â€Å"warped child† of her relationship with Ger. The tumor is not only symbolic of Kat’s relationship with Ger but also of her relationship with herself. The physical abuse her body has taken because of Kat’s lifestyle, including the abortions, has now become manifest in Hairball. Kat’s lack of foresight has caused the destruction of her mental and physical well being. Eventually, Hairball becomes the vehicle for the ultimate bizarre act reflecting Kats personality disintegration. She has gone from Katherine, to Kath, to Kat to being â€Å"temporarily without a name.†The journey that Kat takes through the story, from a person defined by others to a person without definition, is somewhat of a birth in reverse. In the story the character of Kat is defined by the conflicts she faces and her inability to adequately deal with them. The more Kat attempts to find herself within the parameters of her society, work and relationships, the more she becomes lost. It is the conflicts that bring Kat to a moment of clarity as she is left broken and abandoned. It is in this state that Kat is able to lose her name and begin to reconstruct herself apart from the influences of others. Without a name Kat is now the blank canvass onto which she hopes to paint her final masterpiece. .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc , .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc .postImageUrl , .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc , .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc:hover , .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc:visited , .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc:active { border:0!important; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc:active , .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9cf68ad0b99e10d534c7ed9da526d4bc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Describe the adaptations of the human placenta and foetus to improve oxygen availability Essay Bibliography:

Saturday, April 11, 2020

Additional work on bankruptcy free essay sample

It is true that filing for bankruptcy in a bankruptcy court is a very serious matter and can potentially set one back for a long period of time. The Bankruptcy Code (11 USC 1 et seq.) and the Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 USC 1681 et seq.) state that â€Å"a consumer credit report may include information on a Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 bankruptcy for 10 years from the commencement of the case.† However, even if not legally required to do so, consumer credit reporting agencies may prefer to remove bankruptcy information after only 7 years. In today’s materialistic world where everyone wants the latest tools and gadgets, having a considerable amount of purchasing power is a must. Credit lines offered by financial institutions is one of the methods by which individuals increase their power to purchase goods and services. When the threat of bankruptcy looms over, or when one had filed for bankruptcy in court, one’s ability to avail himself/herself of the opportunities to extend or boost one’s buying power will be greatly restricted. We will write a custom essay sample on Additional work on bankruptcy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lending institutions may not be as keen in giving you a good package, and if they do, it would be in a much higher rate than the normal rate they offer clients with good credit standing. Moreover, the conditions imposed on your credit agreement will be more stringent. Oftentimes, credit institutions would require that you would have demonstrated a clear ability to manage your financial affairs on top of the other additional requirements. In filing for chapter 13 bankruptcy, there are certain eligibility requirements that have to be met. Only natural persons can file for chapter 13, that is, businesses cannot seek this type of relief. The law requires the debtor to file a plan containing his/ her expected future income and a list of the secured as well as unsecured obligations that the debtor has and this plan will be confirmed by the bankruptcy court. The debtor may, at any time, modify the plan before confirmation. Once confirmed, â€Å"the debtor shall commence making the payments proposed by a plan within 30 days after the plan is filed.† (11 USD 1326) The debtor, in order to qualify for relief under Chapter 13 should have a monthly income of above the state median for six months prior to the filing date. If the amounts of your obligations are too high secured debts exceeding $922,975 or unsecured debts exceeding $307,675 you cannot avail of Chapter 13. These amounts are adjusted every three years. However, the main eligibility requirement of Chapter 7, as delineated in the recently passed amendment to the Bankruptcy Law, â€Å"The Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005†,   is that your income should be less than or equal to the state median. If your income is more than the state median, the law requires you to undergo the â€Å"means test†. In the means test, your income, after subtracting certain allowed expenses as well as monthly payments for your secured debts, should be less than $100 in order for you to be allowed to file for Chapter 7. One of the major advantages of filing for relief under Chapter 13 instead of Chapter 7 is that you mitigate or even avert loss of your property. However, some opt for Chapter 7 as the whole proceeding takes only approximately 3 to 6 months as against having to deal with your debt obligations for up to five years when you file under Chapter 13. After the dust has settled, one should learn from experience and guarantee financial security for one’s self. We should learn to manage our debts and live within our means and always keep in mind that borrowing means that you are discounting your own future. References The Bankruptcy Law (11 USC 1 et. seq.) The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (42 USC 1692c) The Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005

Tuesday, March 10, 2020

Sylvia Plath and the Bell Jar essays

Sylvia Plath and the Bell Jar essays In The Bell Jar, originally published under the pseudonym of Victoria Lucas, Sylvia Plath was recording much of her personal experience. Plath was born on October 27, 1932. Her brother, Warren Joseph Plath, was born in 1935. When Plath was five years old, her family moved to Winthrop, Massachusetts, where she was a model student. However, in 1940, her father Otto Plath died of pneumonia and complications from diabetes. Plath won many awards, both local and national, for her writing in the years after her father's death. During her teens, she met a classmate named Richard Willard. Later, she dated his older brother, Buddy. In 1950, Sylvia Plath entered Smith College in Nothampton, Massachusetts. While she was there, Buddy When Sylvia was twenty years old, she won the Mademoiselle fiction contest, and during the summer of 1953, she was a guest editor at Mademoiselle. Later that summer, Plath attempted suicide with sleeping pills. She was found and taken to Newton-Wellesley Hospital. For the remaining part of that year, she resided at McLean Hospital in Belmont, Massachusetts, and was treated with insulin and electro-shock therapy. In The Bell Jar, Plath does not write about her life Plath returned to Smith and graduated in 1955. She moved to London, where she met Ted Hughes. She married him, and they returned to the U.S. in 1957. In the next two years, Ms. Plath held a hospital clerical position after she quit her instructor job at Smith. She did this in order to devote more time to writing. The last few years of Sylvia Plath's life were very busy. She moved back to England with her husband and had a girl in the spring of 1960. The following year was difficult because she had both a miscarriage and an appendectomy. In early 1962, she gave birth to a baby boy, but a few months later, her husband left her. She then moved to London ...

Sunday, February 23, 2020

Literary Criticism on The Star by H.G. Wells Research Paper

Literary Criticism on The Star by H.G. Wells - Research Paper Example They made a mysterious and previously inaccessible world of space friendly and interesting for everyone. They gave people the stars and heavenly heights. The two greatest world fantasy writers were H.G. Wells and Arthur C. Clarke. Who was not absorbed in the childhood by their exciting novels and short stories? Both of them along with Jules Verne and Hugo Gernsback, have been referred to as "The Fathers of Science Fiction". They have always been at the forefront of scientific thinking, they challenged the traditional and conservative views of many people who rejected the advanced and innovative research ideas and stubbornly followed old, outdated conceptions of the universe, the origin of man and the so-called â€Å"higher divine power.† In this work we will make at attempt to reflect the points of view of the both writers to the power of human thought, the role of science in the modern world, as well as the growing conflict between traditional religious beliefs and progressiv e scientific views. The objects of this essay are the novels â€Å"The Star† by H.G. Wells and â€Å"The Star† by Arthur C. Clarke. â€Å"The Star† by H.G. Wells is an apocalyptic short story written in 1897. ... A famous master mathematician publishes his calculations according to which â€Å"the star would either hit Earth or pass by at close proximity, which would lead to apocalyptic ecological consequences† (Wells). The terrible prognoses come true and soon the whole planet is overwhelmed with earthquakes, ice-melting, floods, tsunamis causing â€Å"the devastation across the world. Most of human population perishes, and its works remain unusable, cities, cathedrals, farms, etc. and when it seems that nothing can save the humanity the killing star suddenly slightly changes its orbit about the Earth to a more distant one† (Wells). According to Martian astronomers the Earth’s survival was a real miracle â€Å"despite the huge havoc that has been brought upon its surface† (Wells). The star did much hard to the planet and the humanity: Extensive areas of Greenland lost its ice cover and turned green and favorable for inhabiting, the Earth’s climate has great ly changed and now people have to settle close to poles where it is much warmer than in other regions. The author underlines that these significant and terrible changes which caused millions of deaths all around the world, were just a small and minor event for the Universe where thousands of planets and stars perish every day â€Å"Which only shows how small the vastest of human catastrophes may seem, at a distance of a few million miles†(Wells). Another strong idea placed in the center of this story is non-divine nature of the universe in general and our planet in particular. The author vividly shows that all the events occurring in the world whether it is death of a civilization or some minor accidents can be scientifically grounded and

Thursday, February 6, 2020

Technology and its Effects on Privacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Technology and its Effects on Privacy - Essay Example The Internet has played a major role in making this happen, since most people from different world regions will easily link up today by using the E-mail and other social network sites, including Facebook and MySpace. However, the use of information and information transmission through technology use has resulted in major problems regarding ethics and jurisdiction. These problems are mainly concerned with the right of privacy and the right of access to information, which are threatened by the current free flow of information, as well as the safeguarding of the financial interests of the owners of intellectual property. This essay mainly focuses on how people lose their privacy by putting all their information online, including in social network sites such as Facebook, and how this and similar technology influence people negatively, thus, endangering the human race. The present generation is known to be dependent on technology more than the past generations. Therefore, most of the vari ous problems that arise in the world today are based on technology. Unlike the past decades where technology was used in moderation, the present generation has informationalized most of its activities. According to Coughlan, this rampant use and increasing inventions in technology put the human race in danger. The overuse and misuse of technology by humans might lead to the extinction of the human race in future (n.pag.). Therefore, in regard to the privacy issue, various technologies today infringe people’s privacy, obtaining their personal information, which is highly sensitive. Additionally, different countries get the sensitive online information about other countries, which they consider their foes, through the Internet. Therefore, the party that retrieved the information online might use this information for different purposes. Nonetheless, a negative and malicious use of this information might result in negative effects for the individual or the country that was tracke d. Coughlan notes that today, computer technology can manipulate the real world, and, therefore, misguided intentions of computer use might be detrimental to the human race. With an increased advancement in technology, which might be lethal if misused, the humanity of this generation poses a threat to its own survival (Coughlan n.pag.). The issue of privacy has existed in the world since the development of information technology, computing, as well as the digital media. Today, social computing, email, mobile data, cookies, GPS, and networked video and audio capture among others are the examples of technologies, which have a negative impact on the users regarding their privacy (Lohr n.pag.). These technologies allow to mine the user’s information, as some of them monitor and keep surveillance of communication and data. In addition, the people using these technologies make it easier for their identity to be established, as they post their personal information and share it with other users. According to Lohr, most online activities a person is engaged in often lead to the diminishing of their level of privacy (n.pag.). For instance, Internet sites such as Facebook and Twitter require one to share most of their personal information such as birthday details with other friends. In this case, most people share their photos, photos of their families, gossipping at their work place and school, among other social and personal information. According to Lohr, when people engage in such self-revelation, it becomes easier for computers to assemble their information

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Gender Roles in United States Essay Example for Free

Gender Roles in United States Essay Gender role can be defined as number of professed personality trait and manners observed by males or females in a given society.   Different culture imposes a different set of expectations on men and women (faqs, n.d). Every culture has a different number of norms that they use to differentiate a perfect male or female with an imperfect one. Who sets these gender roles? What if one is unable to be the perfect male / female? Is it right to restrict people to grow out of the perceived roles into something that is entirely opposite? Why is it assumed that a female will stay home to cook and clean while a man will be the sole bread earner of the house? An extensive debate has been going on for years regarding this topic. Looking around us a commercial selling razor blade will show a man who is rugged and well built and in a shampoo commercial will have a female who couldn’t be any prettier yet she still does the normal things in life. A magazine will always cover a top model and not a housewife. Why does media always shows beautiful, perfect physique females and tall, handsome men, be it an advertisement of food product or a house or any cars? Though over the years, people are being acceptable towards deviation in gender roles. Men and women are working together to understand and adjust to the shift occurring in gender roles Women work hand in hand with men to support living, media shows program covering normal people from the streets and both genders of a family are involved in taking major decisions. This change will defiantly result in better environment at workplaces, better atmosphere at homes, better standards of living for the young generation and an air of equality will amongst the upcoming generation. References Faqs. â€Å"Gender Roles† (Internet), www.faqs.org (Accessed on January 11, 2009)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.faqs.org/health/topics/8/Gender-roles.html

Monday, January 20, 2020

Essay --

Not one single theory or school of thought embraces every view of human crisis or all the models or systems of crisis intervention (Janosik, 1984). An interview, directed by the student, provides a short-term overview of the interviewee’s viewpoints relevant to crisis planning and intervention. As an counseling in preparation I decided to interview Mrs. Tosha Wearing. She is a guidance counselor at Green Sea Head Start School in Green Sea, South Carolina. She administers the Green Sea School Counseling Program, which is designed to be comprehensive and developmental, with an emphasis on prevention. This includes large group guidance, small group and individual counseling, and consultation with staff, parents and community. Mrs. Wearing is a trained professional with a Masters' in Guidance and Counseling. She provides activities to enhance students' academic progress by addressing issues such as conflict resolution, interpersonal relationships, study skills, and self-esteem. Sh e also teaches the skills needed for coping in our fast-paced and ever-changing world. As the interview was being conducted, the school’s crisis manual was on hand and occasionally referred to once needed. Green Sea Head Start crisis team involves of several knowledgeable staff members and teachers. Precisely, the team is represented by administrators (head and assistant), the school guidance counselor, school psychologist and social worker, and every age level team leader. Mrs. Wearing clearly explained that the team works collected as a consistent unit to join and be a direct link out to the rest of the school. She also defined the crisis team as a problem-solving entity among the school. Consequently, there were no different symptoms that each member has a... ... safety and security measures being taken. A systematic procedure for dealing with a crisis, of any magnitude, should be established and should ensure all personnel have a clear understanding about every detail; including the who, the what, the when, and follow-up actions. The interview the learner conducted with the Counslor of Green Sea Head Start School served as an opportunity to discuss specific aspects of the school crisis plan. Furthermore, the learner gained information about the crisis team and the strengths and weaknesses of the current crisis plan. Overall, although no one crisis plan will guarantee that tragedies won’t take place, but a developed approach holds promise that the situation will be handled in the most cooperative way imagined. No school should be without a crisis plan and a well-trained crisis response team (James, 2013).

Sunday, January 12, 2020

Mahatma Gandhi Essay

In 1978, James McGregor Burns wrote about the dearth of leadership. â€Å"One of the most universal cravings of our time is a hunger for compelling and creative leadership.† McGregor Burns’ search for â€Å"moral leadership† reveals the tragedy of leadership studies- the confusion of leadership with power. Traditionally, leaders have been defined as those who hold power; allowing presidents, prime ministers and military generals, regardless of their accomplishments, to be considered leaders. Leadership studies have been further detracted from â€Å"moral leadership† because of the confusion of leadership with management. John D. Rockefeller, Henry Ford, and Bill Gates are considered leaders for the economic power they amassed. The confusion of leadership with power and leadership with management has led to a model of leadership that is Machiavellian (manipulative), hierarchical, authoritative, impersonal, elitist, and self-interested. The person I believe to be the greatest leader of the twentieth century exhibited none of the qualities named above. This person held no official political title; he commanded no army and he amassed no great wealth. He did, however, have tremendous influence. This truly exemplary leader derived his power from the conscious citizenry. The leader I am referring to is Mahatma Gandhi. Instrumental in the Indian Independence movement, Gandhi’s influence extended beyond the borders of India to the rest of the world. Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence inspired millions, including the great American civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. A simple, pious man, Gandhi identified with and won the hearts of India’s most politically and economically marginalized people. He spent his life fighting to overcome modern forms of enslavement and oppression- caste oppression, religious hatred, gender oppression, and, what he saw as the worst form of violence, poverty. The purpose of this essay is to outline Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence and it’s influence worldwide as well as the strategies and characteristics that made Gandhi successful. Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence involved civil resistance, refusal to comply with unjust laws. He developed this philosophy while living and practicing law in South Africa. Organizing resistance to the notorious and grossly unjust apartheid system, which provoked significant legislative change, Gandhi left an indelible mark on the South African struggle for racial justice. Upon his return to India in 1915, Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence became infused with the struggle for swaraj (self-rule). In India, Gandhi raised his philosophy of non-violence to new levels of sophistication. Gandhi believed that organized non-violent civil resistance, not war, would awaken the consciousness of the British to their unjust domination over India. This was the belief that guided the Bardoili protest, the Amritsar Massacre and the Salt March. Gandhi’s mobilizations were so successful that they tarnished Britain’s international reputation and provoked irreversible change in Britain’s policy towards India, illustrating the potential of organized non-violent civil resistance. Gandhi was an uncompromising opponent of violence. He knew that using violence to fight violence corrupts and debases even the most noble of causes and leaves a legacy of bloodshed. If we look to the revolutionary movements of the twentieth century, we see the truth in Gandhi’s beliefs. The Bolsheviks, Maoists, the Khmer Rouge, the Shining Path, Sein Fein and the Palestinian Liberation Organization all left tremendous bloodshed in the paths towards â€Å"liberation.† They left a legacy of death and violence, rather than peace. Gandhi knew that the only solution to hatred, ignorance and fear was love, truth, and forgiveness. He knew that overcoming unjust hierarchies doesn’t mean inverting them; it means eliminating them altogether. Gandhi and his followers, like those who risked their lives to hide Jews during the Nazi regime, were prepared to die to make injustice visible for the entire world to see. For Gandhi, truth was a powerful weapon, needing no others. Indeed, truth has proven to be the most powerful weapon humanity has even known. One of the strategies that made Gandhi an effective leader was his ability to build bridges between communities, between upper and lower caste Hindus and among Hindus, Muslims and Christians. Gandhi saw the intrinsic humanity of all individuals, regardless of their caste, religion, gender, or social position in society. Deeply upset by communalism (Hindu-Muslim animosity), Gandhi was able to promote religious harmony through his personal and public actions. When this harmony was threatened, he fasted. Gandhi’s tremendous ability to bring an end to provincial and religious hatreds was tested time and time again with the Yeravda Pact and his fasts to end violence in Calcutta, Bengal and Delhi. One of the characteristics that made Gandhi successful was his ability to identify with the poor masses of India. Gandhi’s philosophy of self-rule distinguished itself from the elitism that characterized the Indian Independence movement, as well as virtually all other Independence movements of this century. Gandhi knew that freeing India from the yoke of imperialism also meant freeing the masses from economic servitude. Gandhi was opposed to Independence for only an elite few; he was fearful of an Independent India that would replicate past religious, caste and economic oppressions. Gandhi provided leadership by example. He exhibited the perfect marriage between personal morality and public action. The best example of this was his use of homespun cloth that provided employment for the poor masses and revived the village economy. In a world in which the inequalities generated by a global economy are becoming more obvious and frightening, Gandhi’s critique of technology and economies that benefit the powerful and marginalize the powerless is all too relevant today. The best demonstration of Gandhi’s leadership is his worldwide influence. American civil rights leader, Martin Luther King Jr., the Dalai Lama, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Archbishop Belo of East Timor, and countless other leaders have been deeply influenced by Gandhi and his philosophy of non-violence. For example, in 1994, in a Gandhian spirit of forgiveness and reconciliation, Nelson Mandela reached out to his adversaries- the same ones who had tortured and imprisoned him to bring an end to apartheid rule. Gandhi’s greatest legacy is the notoriety he achieved for advocating non-violence as a means of overcoming oppression. It is this belief that guides the actions of millions of average citizens who participate in civil society movements today across the globe. A tribute to Gandhi’s enduring lifetime achievements will be paid by naming the first decade of the new millenium the United Nations Decade of Non-Violence. No greater tribute has ever been paid to a leader of this century. Inspired and profoundly moved by his life and work, I hope the Decade of Non-Violence will truly awaken the consciousness of humanity into liberating ourselves from all and every kind of oppression; using truth as our only tool.

Saturday, January 4, 2020

Payton v. New York Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact

In Payton v. New York (1980), the Supreme Court found that warrantless entry into a private home to make a felony arrest violated the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. New York state statutes could not authorize officers to illegally enter a persons home. Fast Facts: Payton v. New York Case Argued: March 26, 1979, October 9, 1979Decision Issued: April 15, 1980Petitioner: State of New YorkRespondent: Theodore PaytonKey Questions: Did the New York police violate the 4th Amendment rights of alleged murderer Theodore Payton by conducting a warrant-less search of his home (acting under a New York law allowing them to enter a private residence to arrest someone without a warrant)?  Majority Decision: Justices Brennan, Stewart, Marshall, Blackmun, Powell, and StevensDissenting: Justices Burger, White, and RehnquistRuling: The court found for Payton, saying that the 14th amendment prohibits searches without probable cause which has been established by a neutral magistrate. Facts of the Case In 1970, detectives from the New York City police department found probable cause linking Theodore Payton to the murder of a manager at a gas station. At 7:30 a.m. the officers approached Paytons apartment in the Bronx. They knocked but received no response. They did not have a warrant to search Paytons home. After about 30 minutes of waiting for Payton to open the door, the officers called an emergency response team and used a crowbar to force open the door to the apartment. Payton was not inside. Instead, an officer found a .30 caliber shell casing which was used as evidence at Paytons trial. At his trial, Paytons attorney moved to have the evidence of the shell casing suppressed because it was gathered during an illegal search. The trial court judge ruled that the evidence could be admitted because New York State Code of Criminal Procedure allowed for warrantless and forcible entry. Evidence could be seized if it was in plain view. Payton appealed the decision and the case proceeded upwards through the courts. The U.S. Supreme Court decided to take on the case after several similar cases also appeared before the justices as a result of New York State statutes. Constitutional Issues Can police officers enter and search a home without a warrant to make a felony arrest? Can a New York state statute permit an unconstitutional search and seizure of evidence under the Fourth Amendment? The Arguments Attorneys on behalf of Payton argued that the officers violated Paytons Fourth Amendment rights when they entered and searched his home without a valid search warrant. The felony arrest warrant did not give the officers grounds to force open Paytons door and seize evidence, even though the evidence was in plain view. The officers had plenty of time to get a separate search warrant for Paytons home, the attorneys argued. The shell casing was obtained during an illegal search when Payton was not present in the home and therefore could not be used as evidence in court. Attorneys representing the state of New York argued that the officers were following the New York Code of Criminal Procedure when they entered and seized evidence in plain view in Paytons home. The state of New York relied on the case United States v. Watson for analysis. In that case, the Supreme Court upheld a common law rule that officers may conduct a warrantless arrest in a public place if they had probable cause to believe the arrestee had committed a felony. The rule in U.S. v. Watson was crafted out of English common law tradition. Under common law at the time the Fourth Amendment was written, officers could enter a home to make a felony arrest. Therefore, the attorneys argued, the Fourth Amendment should allow officers to enter Paytons home to arrest him. Majority Opinion Justice John Paul Stevens delivered the majority opinion. In a 6-3 decision, the Court focused on the language and intent of the Fourth Amendment, incorporated to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment. The Fourth Amendment prevents police from â€Å"making a non-consensual entry into the suspect’s home in order to make a routine felony arrest.† The officers in Payton’s case had no reason to believe Payton was home. There were no noises coming from inside the apartment. If Payton had been home, the officers might have needed to enter the apartment to properly arrest him, but there was no reason to believe someone was in the apartment. The majority opinion was careful to draw a distinction between the situation in Payton’s case and a situation where exigent circumstances might have been present. Exigent or special circumstances may provide officers with a valid reason to enter the home. Without such circumstances, officers cannot enter the home without a search warrant. In ruling this way, the Court placed the determination for probable cause in the hands of judges rather than officers and put an individual’s Fourth Amendment right above police intuition. Dissenting Opinion Justice Byron R. White, Chief Justice Warren E. Burger, and Justice William H. Rehnquist dissented on the basis that common law allowed the officers to enter Paytons home. They looked to common law tradition at the time the Fourth Amendment was ratified. English common law required that officers arresting someone for a felony knock, announce their presence, approach the house during the day, and have probable cause to believe the subject of the arrest warrant is inside the house. Based on these requirements, the dissenting Justices wrote that English officers regularly entered homes to make felony arrests. Justice White explained: Todays decision ignores the carefully crafted restrictions on the common law power of arrest entry, and thereby overestimates the dangers inherent in that practice. Impact The Payton ruling built upon past decisions including U.S. v. Chimel and U.S. v. Watson. In U.S. v. Watson (1976), the court ruled that an officer could arrest a person in a public space without a felony arrest warrant if they had probable cause. Payton prevented this rule from extending into the home. The case drew a hard line at the front door in order to uphold Fourth Amendment protections against warrantless home intrusions. Sources Payton v. New York, 445 U.S. 573 (1980).United States v. Watson, 423 U.S. 411 (1976).